Family Assessment - 2039 Words

Family Health Assessment Stephanie Beck Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion Home Nurs 429V August 9, 2015 Family Health Assessment The Family Health Assessment is used as an all-inclusive tactic to guarantee the health and fitness of individuals and their families; it focuses on ensuring that families recognize their health needs. (Edelman, 2010, Chapter 6 amp;7) I have had the privilege of interviewing the Varcela family, who is a Hispanic family which consist of Mom, Dad, and 2 kids, who are twins a boy and a girl. Dad (42) who works in construction work, Mom (38) is a surgical scrub tech; the children are 9 years old, in the 3rd grade. The data that is collected came from open-ended questions that were†¦show more content†¦Laxatives are not commonly used, but sometimes Pepto Bismol is used for an upset stomach or heartburn. Urine patterns are normal as well, yellow in color or straw colored, no burning or irritation to report. Activity/Exercise The family loves to engage in activity’s for fun on a regular basics, they enjoyed reading books, watching movies, walking on natural trails especially in the fall months, in summer swimming is noted as exercise for the family. The dad has a gym membership and he attends the gym at least 3 times a week for weight training, he enjoys this every week. The children are involved in extra curriculum activities during the school months, they play soccer, baseball and have karate on Mondays and Wednesdays, and they really enjoy the sports. Mom tries to walk outside in the neighborhood as much as she can, but has been trying to increase this activity. Exercise can really help this family prevent heart disease and obesity, also to help maintain a healthy lifestyle. Cognitive/Sensory Perception The family reports not having any neurological problems, and no one in their family have had any history of this as well. The mom wears glasses and is near sighted, and the children have great vision, no problems to report as of now. The dad has great eye sight as well, no problems to report. Everyone can see, hear, touch, and smell quite well, no issues to report. The family have yearly eye check up, to make sure that everything is going well for the eye sightShow MoreRelatedFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family is so important in the society and it is a blessing from God. Healthy behaviors learn from within the family and family member’s stimulus one to each other with health promotion practices. There fore, the health behaviors are very essential in the family assessment and which notifies health-promotion and disease-prevention. Within families, members will be the first one to learn about to promoting health. Families have impact on children’s lifestyle choices. The AmericanRead MoreFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment1884 Words   |  8 Pages Family Health Assessment The family assessment involves a simultaneous data collection on individual family members or if able the whole family. The nurses and other healthcare professionals interview individuals and family as a whole to understand and assess the health of the family. This interview help professionals detecting the possible origin or factors contributes to the family’s health problems. The Gordon’s functional health pattern will be used as a model to collect and organizeRead MoreFamily Assessment : The Family Essay1804 Words   |  8 PagesFamily Assessment The family assessment is a thorough assessment done by a health care provider. This assessment is the foundation of how health care providers provide care for a certain member of the family or the family as a whole. This assessment involves exploration of the family structure, development, and function. In addition, the family will express their strengths and barriers, internal and external structure, ethnicity, social class, religion, subsystems, which will allow the reader aRead MoreFamily Assessment Comparison793 Words   |  4 PagesDifferent assessment examines different features of an individual, or similar assessments examine similar features in different ways. Three assessments that regard family conditions and that are considered important are, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES III), the Family Assessment Device (FAD), and the Self-report Family Inventory (SFI). When completing the assessments and interpreting the results, I realized that there were various accurate elements I always saw inRead MoreNursing Assessment Of A Family Assessment1978 Words   |  8 PagesNursing Assessment of a Family Part One: Justification of Family Assessment Whitlatch (2013) defines a family assessment as a process of gathering, systematizing and analyzing information to help the family take preventative or problem-solving measures. A family assessment presents an unbiased view of overall understanding of a family- not merely problems, but also its needs, strengths, values and goals. As these dynamic features keep changing over time, a family assessment is an ongoing exerciseRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1465 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family health and wellness can be influenced by many factors such as society, culture, religion, and family members. Somehow, society, culture, religion and families are connected to each other. To understand an individual, it’s important to understand the family system of an individual. Health practices, whether effective or ineffective, are activities performed by individuals or families as a whole to promote health and prevent disease (Edelman, 2010). A family healthRead MoreFreidman Family Assessment1398 Words   |  6 PagesFreidman Family Assessment Laura Jones August 22, 2011 Nur/405 Beth Edwards, MSN, FNP-BC Friedman Family Assessment A community health nurse cares for individuals and families through comprehensive and continuing care. The community health care nurse is not restricted to the care of one particular age group of population. The community health nurse encourages all participates to contribute in the education, promotion and maintenance of good health. According to Stanhope and Lancaster (2008)Read MoreFamily Analysis : Family Assessment Essay2612 Words   |  11 PagesFamily Assessment Introduction In social work, families are vital for understanding clients as they interact with one another and realize how the dynamics of the family are affecting one another. The explanation of these behaviors can set the stage for what the social worker will be addressing and helping with. In using the systems perspective, you can see how all areas of life effect one another. Families then, in regards especially to my own, get integrated in a variety of ways. DemographicRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1461 Words   |  6 PagesHeritage Assessment: Evaluation of families, cultures and views on health Anniemae Stubbs Grand Canyon University Culture and Cultural Competency in Health Promotion NURS 429 Professor Alma Celaya June 19, 2016 Heritage Assessment: Evaluation of families , cultures and views on health Cultural Heritage is a concept that is passed on from one generation to the next that depicts how people live, act, behave, or think. It can be a noticeable or vague manifestation. It includes various customsRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1655 Words   |  7 PagesFamily Health Assessment Shaila Rahman Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Melanie Gray MSN October 19, 2014 Family Health Assessment Gordons Functional Health Patterns provide a useful structural guideline that help nurse or any health care provider to assess any family’s health status and develop a nursing diagnosis according to their need to improve their quality of life. Through each of these eleven patterns of health assessment, nurse can create a systemic

The September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks on America The...

The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on America divided two nations, yet knit one closer like the attacks on Pearl Harbor. There were many events that lead up to 9/11 that were only the beginning. The attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001 was the finale. George Bush wrote in his diary, â€Å"The Pearl Harbor of the 21st century happened today†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (George Bush). This attack was a surprise, just like Pearl Harbor, but the U.S. reacted swiftly and effectively. The appalling events Now, more than a decade later, the 9/11 attacks still affect our life today. Before the 9/11 attacks, there were bad vibes between the U.S. and the Middle East. There were multiple attacks on the U.S. and its allies overseas. There was even a bombing that†¦show more content†¦Because of the distance of travel, the planes were Boeing 757s and 767s, which are larger aircrafts. This meant that they had larger fuel capacities, so when they crashed, the fuel burned extremely hot. This at tributed to the collapsing of the World Trade Centers. After looking at the passenger list and seating chart for all four flights, all of the hijackers had seats in the first class or business cabins (9/11 Memorial). This made taking over the cockpit easier. Also, the fact that they had knives made it even easier. Along with the courage of the passengers on Flight 93, the flight attendants had courage and didn’t fear consequences of their actions. One very distinguished flight attendant was Betty Ong, who was on American Airlines flight 11. She contacted American Airlines and stayed calm on the phone for 25 minutes, until she was disconnected abruptly. About one minute later, AA 11 crashed into World Trade Center Building 1 (Global Issues in Context). She helped everyone who wasn’t on the plane understand what was going on, because there had never a hijacking like this before. This is how we know most of our information about what happened on September 11th. Without he r help, countless more people could have died on that horrid day. Three other planes crashed with terrorists in the cockpit that day. The terrorist on those flights followed similar procedures during their hijacking. They used knives, and in one case, a box cutter to take control of theShow MoreRelated`` The Birds Of The South ``1585 Words   |  7 PagesUNDER THE GUILLOTINE OF IDEOLOGY: POST SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 ARABIC NOVELS (A STUDY IN AMANI ABU AL-FADHL’S THE BIRDS OF THE SOUTH†) Hassan Jalal Abdullah Weshah Lecturer, Dept. of English, Hajjah University, Yemen Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Centre for Higher Learning Advanced Research,Aurangabad. M.A. English, II Year hassanjalal2015@gmail.com *ABSTRACT* This paper deals with the ideological nature that dominates the thematic structure of the contemporary Arabic novel which is the natural reaction toRead MorePersonal Changes Since 9/111135 Words   |  5 Pagesfeeling is now gone. The terrifying events that brought down the towers of the World Trade Center, killing thousands of innocent people on September 11, 2001, is a day that will forever be remembered in our history. The hijacking of planes by the acts of terrorist forever changed airport security, the view of turban-wearing Sikhs forever changed how most Americans view them, the fighting of a war in the Middle East for more than a decade, all are changes that we faced and are still facing due to the violentRead MoreHist 410 Research Paper2519 Words   |  11 Pages9/11: A Day Remembered Forever It was a clear Tuesday morning; September 11, 2001, nineteen Islamic terrorists from Saudi Arabia and other Arab nations boarded four fully fueled American airliners. These airliners were set to depart to cities in California. Little did the staff for each of the planes or the people boarding them know that plans had changed. Within the space of an hour, al Qaeda wreaked more direct damage on the United States than the Soviet Union had done throughout the entireRead MoreThe Day After 911: Changes of the United States963 Words   |  4 Pagesonly 6% in North America, this makes a lot of powerful countries want to share a pieces of the Middle East, Stephen mentions â€Å"Much of the world s oil wealth exists along the Persian Gulf, with particularly large reserves in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. About one-quarter of U.S. oil imports come from the Persian Gulf region.† (Zunes.329) Chalmers mentions in his article the â€Å"President George W. Bush told the American that the suicidal assassin of September 11, 2001 is civilizationRead MoreActs of Terrorism and Social Change in the United States Essay3098 Words   |  13 PagesOn 10 September, 2001 the citizens of the United States went about their day-to-day activities without any thoughts of a terrorist attack occurring. Americans who were lulled into this mindset by the false pretenses of security and the history that America has never had a multifaceted terroristic attack occur on her soil. However, on the morning of September 11, 2001 this attitude would be ceaselessly changed and change the life of all Americans. The United States has become known as the meltingRead More Mending the Transatlantic Rift Essay4789 Words   |  20 PagesRift The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 ushered in an era of dramatic change for foreign policy and the international system. Most obviously, the United States’ sense of invulnerability eroded as an acute awareness to the perils of terrorism gripped the American public. In American foreign policy, the dominant paradigms evolved. Whereas the Cold War notion of the centrality of powerful nation-states had helped order the Bush administration’s outlook before the attacks, the new paradigmsRead MoreHow Terrorism Affects The Us Economy2050 Words   |  9 Pagespsychological warfare. Terrorists try to manipulate us and change our behavior by creating fear, uncertainty, and division in society†. These divisions in society have detrimental economic effects on both our country as a whole and Americans individually. The effects on the U.S. As a whole are clearer maybe than those that affect us directly. The scary thing is, these effects are so seemingly subtle that we may not even realize that they are a direct or indirect result of terrorist activities.Read MoreThe United States Government Post 9 / 112566 Words   |  11 Pagesteaser for one of the mainstream media stations of modern day America. You see, fear holds power and power creates influence. This is an important concept, particularly at this time in the history of the United States. In the ten plus years since 9/11, America has become a nation controlled by fear – fear of what has happened, what might happen, and fear of that which we do not understand. The behavior of the United States government post 9/11 has encouraged this environment of fear in many of the sameRead MoreDrug Control Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pagestriumph of the criminal model over the medical view, it had several issues, such as the fault of the Bureau of Internal Revenue within the Treasury Department which was consigned to regulate the trade and impose of tax stamps with prior registration. Due to those irregularities, the motives supporting the Harrison Act changed from financial advantage to the hope of reducing in a high percentage the use of narcotics in the United States (The America Disease Third Edition, 1999). In addition to theRead MoreOsama Bin Laden Research Paper2657 Words   |  11 PagesOsama Bin Laden; the mastermind of 9/11 Christian Hanke December 21, 2012 World History Period 1 Osama Bin Laden changed the world on September 11, 2012, when he orchestrated the 9/11 bombings on the World Trade Center in New York City. He has also formulated many other attacks including the October 2000 attack on the USS Cole, and attacks on the US embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in 1998 (Encyclopedia of World

Outline of Marijuanna Free Essays

Outline for Persuasive Paper I. Thesis: Marijuana is a very prominent and controversial issue in society today. a. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline of Marijuanna or any similar topic only for you Order Now Preview statement: Legalizing marijuana has been successful in other countries and once our government understands and believes in the use of marijuana it will destroy the black market in the US. II. There are many pros of legalizing the use of marijuana. b. Health i. Marijuana is one of the most beneficial and therapeutically active substances known to man. ii. â€Å"Medical Marijuana for pain and Depression. † Disabled World . Disabled-World. Com, 1 1 2008. Web. 6 Feb 2013. http://www. disabled-world. com/medical/pharmaceutical/marijuana/. c. Economy iii. If pot was to be legalized the US could be savings up to $2 billion to $10 billion of tax payer money on law enforcement. â€Å"If drugs like marijuana became decriminalized, the prison industry would lose a large chunk of its business. † iv. Benson, Johnathan. â€Å"Hundreds of Economists Agree Marijuana Legalization Could Save U. S Taxpayers $13. 7 Billion Per Year. † Nation of Change. NationofChange. com, 22 4 2012. Web. 26 Feb 2013. http://www. nationofchange. rg/hundreds-economists-agree-marijuana-legalization-could-save-us-taxpayers-137-billion-year-1335161573. III. Many people can come up with cons of legalizing marijuana. d. Stepping Stones v. Keeping marijuana illegal makes it that much more difficult for someone to get addicted to it and be tempted to try out other, stronger drugs. vi. Gupta, Sourabh. â€Å"Pros and Cons of Legalizing Marijuana. † Buzzle. Buzzle. com, 10 2 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2013. http://www. buzzle. com/articles/pros-and-cons-of-legalizing-marijuana. html. e. Increase in Consumption vii. one of the greatest worries that comes with the legalization of How to cite Outline of Marijuanna, Papers

Marketing Ceramics in North America Essay Example For Students

Marketing Ceramics in North America Essay On April 1980, the Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum and the Hagley Museum and Library cospon- sored a conference on the marketing of ceramics in North America. Four of the papers from that con ference have been brought together in this issue of WinUrthur Portfolio. 1 he objective of the conference was to view ceramics in terms of consumption rather than pro duction, technology, or t limnology of forms. Ceramic studies were traditionally dominated by questions of identification and attribution, con cerns that grew out of 1 fie needs of collectors, who want to know how old a vessel is. who made it. and fiow it was made. Such questions created the de mand for research into chronologies, typologies, and the technology of pottery production. Because this research related to collet lions of surviving ves sels. investigation tended to concentrate 011 wares that our ancestors thought worthy of preserving and that providence favored. Pottery selected for preservation naturally represen ts the more costly wares, which were thought worthy of passing from generation to generation. A good example of this selectivity is a collection of ceramics made in the 1860s and 1870s from the households of United F.mpirc loyalists in Nova Scotia. This collection is dominated bv blue transfer-printed Staffordshire ware, C.hinese export porcelain, and other highly decorated ware fash ion able in the late eighteenth century. Almost completely lacking arc plain un decorated creamware, shell-edged ware, banded liowls. mugs, jugs, and other cheap ware common when the United F.mpirc loyalists were moving to Canada. Obviously, the cheap wares were not con sidered important enough for preservation. Early American books on pottery, like The China Hunters’ Club (1878) and Collecting China in America (1892). clearly show what kinds of wares were considered collectible: Chinese export porcelain, products of Josiali Wedgwood, and transfer-printed ware hearing American historical views or heroes. In England traditional ceramic research was governed not only by what ceramics survived but also by the survival of potters’ records, like those of Wedgwood. British research often dealt with the products of a single factory or geographical area, such as Wedgwoods works. Chelsea porcelain, or l-erds creamware. In a word, these* studies were object oriented, and tire objects studied were a highly selected group of survivors. With the development of the historic preserva tion movement in plates like Mount Vernon. Montkello. anti Williamsburg, new ways of looking at artifacts began to appear. Those working in historic preservation and with period rooms in museums looked at ceramics as pan of an as semblage of artifacts. Preservationists and curators were interested in establishing what belonged in a period sctting rather than limiting themselves to the study of those ceramics that happened to sur vive. New sources were employed in ceramic re search, such as engravings and drawing s of room interiors, probate inventories, diaries, business records, and newspaper advertisements. But his toric preservation projects and museum period rooms usually concentrated 011 the elite members of society, which limited the understanding of the types of ceramics used. Along with the historic preservation movement came the development ot historical archaeologv as a tool for restoration. Archaeological excavation gave x liolars tin* opportunity to study what did not survive or what was not saved. To some extent ar chaeological ceramic assemblages and probate in ventories are complementary. The first represents an accumulation of ceramics lost or discarded over a period ol time, while the second represents an accumulation of ceramics that survived usage, were saved, and were present in the household when their owner died. Our ability to observe changing ccramic-consumption patterns from archaeological and probate inventory data is no doubt com promised because these sources lump together wares from varying ranges of time, making it diffi cult to separate the assemblages into meaningful time components. We study the sum of acquisition, retention, and loss rather than the process. One major resource for overcoming the diffi culties presented by archaeological assemblages and probate inventories is business records from potters, importers, jobbers, and country stores. The great potential of business records has been overlooked because they usually include very statu descriptive d etail, which has limited the ability of researchers to tie record entries from account hooks, hills, and other commercial documents to specific ceramic types and patterns. Business rec ords have been used as a source for an occasional pithy description useful in establishing chronology, I Hit, with few exceptions, the transactions of per sons and firms who market ceramics have not been used to study the consumption of the goods, the process of distribution, price relationships among ware types, or other aspects of buying and selling ceramics. The objective of the conference on the marketing of ceramics in North America was to hring together scholars involved in studying busi ness records of the pottery trade to address someol these issues. In order to understand the ceramic trade it is necessary to have some knowledge ol the sources and types of eighteenth- and early nineteenth ccniury ceramics. Before the third quarter of the eighteenth century a great diversity of ceramics was imported to North America. Examples that readily come to mind are Dutch delft, French faience. English delft. Westerwald stoneware. En glish stoneware, white salt-glazed stoneware, combed slipware. red earthenware, and Chinese and English |xmelain. This diversity, which is a hallmark of cightecnth-century ceramic as semblages. began to narrow in the last quarter of (he eighteenth century as England and. more par ticularly, Staffordshire gained dominance over the world ceramics market. The Staffordshire potteries developed from a craft into an indu stry during the eighteenth cen tury- Among the important steps in this process were the introduction of calcinated Hint, Cornish clays, liquid gla/e. plasier-of-paris molds, steam powered flint mills and clay-mixing equipment, transfer printing, and the construction of canals connecting Staffordshire to Liverpool. As large factories emerged, generalists became specialized workmen. Potters became throwers, handlers, pressers, painters, printers, slipmakers. dippers, kilnmen, and so on. Nike Inc., Marketing Masters EssayHowever, production still often appears to have exceeded demand, and at times markets were cut off by wars, embargoes, or tariffs. Ceramic prices fell faster than commodity prices during the first half of the nineteenth century. In response to ad verse conditions at various times during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the Stafford shire potters joined together in price-fixing agreements. Copies of price-fixing lists for 1770, , and 1846 have sur vived, and these documents reveal a great deal about the marketing of pottery .1 Descriptive terms and sizes used in the 1770 price-fixing list reapear in subsequent lists, hut the 1770 list is for un decorated creamwarc, and it is not until 1796 that a single list contains undccoratcd creamwarc, shell edged, painted. dip[x-d, transfer-printed, and Egyptian black. Terms and sizes in the 1796 list persist through 1846. In short, the products sold by the Staffordshire pottery industry become very sta ndardized in decorative types, sizes, and prices. Ware types, except for CC, or uiidetoratcd creamwarc, were ignored. Conspicuously absent from these lists is the term pcarluare, which is the most common classification nomenclature ceramics scholars anti archaeologists use to describe Staf fordshire wares of this period. Importation of ceramics to North America in volved a variety of merchants and agents. Before the middle of (lie eighteenth century, urlxm cen ters like Philadelphia. New York, and Boston were not large enough to support merchants who spe cialized in marketing ceramics. Instead, general merchants dealt in ceramics along with other products, such as hardware, textiles, and station ery. Because these men were importers, their or ders responded to the needs of local markets, which ate reflected in correspondence with the potters. However, pottery was a minor part ol their business, and the attention they paid to it was lim ited. Interpreting die nature of the local market is also complicated by the fact that importing mer chants were often involved in wholesale as well as retail trade. I licir wholesale customers were country merchants who ran general stores. One specialized group of importing merchants in the early period were the agents of large English companies who imported a generalized line of manufactured goods to trade for raw materials. The best known example of this type is Hudsons Bay Company, wlikli established many outposts to trade goods lor furs. On a smaller scale arc the Scottish firms, whose f actors in rural Mary land and Virginia traded goods for tobacco. Ihc first paper in this collection concerns the ceramics available from three Scottish factors operating in southern Maryland during the late eighteenth century. Re gina Rlasx zyk used account Ixxiks and inventories from their stores to determine the types of ceramics the firms were importing. By the late eighteenth century the urban cen ters of the United States were beginning to include more importers who specialized in ceramics and glass. Along with these merchants came increased demands on the Staffordshire potters to modify tfieir products to meet specifically American needs. Letters from the specialized merchants provide a rich insight into this process. Arlene Palmer Schwmds paper uses the correspondence of Loyalist merchant Frederick Rhinelander, who was importing into New York City during the revolu tionary war, to provide us with an analysis of mar keting during the British occupation. As w ith most importers’ papers, the descriptive detail is particu larly rich. Pri or to the War of 1812. ceramics and other manufactured goods were imported with mer chants capital or credit. Merchants, in turn, dealt directly with their customers, often extending credit to them. A major change occurred as a result of the War of 1812. during w hich large quantities of English goods were warehoused for shipment to the United States in anticipation of peace. Eager to move goods out of the warehouses, many manu facturers shipped directly to commission mer chants rather than await specific orders from cus tomers. In ports like New York these goods were auctioned off. undermining to an extent the reg ular merchant importer. Often the auction prices were even lower than the merchant’s wholesale price to lire country trade. In 1817 New York re duced taxes on auction sales and imposed regulations that required sale to the highest bidder. Regular auction markets grew up in New York and other large cities to dispose of merchandise sent bv manufacturers. Along wath these markets came jobbers, who purchased their goods at auction and who lesaled them to the country merchants. Job bers had little control over what came to market and had probably no contact with the Staffordshire I.asl in the collection is a study of a North American potter. Before the Civil War economic advantages were insufficient to promote the de velopment of a domestic whitcwarc industry, but there were a fair number of crockery manufactur ers in the United States. Susan Myers examines the marketing of crockery from Baltimo re (Hitter Mauldcn Perine. Bv presenting these papers, each of which uses merchants records to assess the distribution and consumption of ceramics, we ho|ic to encourage others to look at these rich resources and to go beyond aesthetic and technological chronology and identification of decorative patterns. I would like to thank Winterthur Museum and llagley Museum and Library for cosponsoring tlic April 1980 conference.

Multiple Burden Essay Example

Multiple Burden Essay Apart from the social stigma, perhaps the most difficult aspect of being a single mother is the stress of carrying the host of domestic and work-related responsibilities as well as sorting out relationship issues with the father/s of their children. These women often have to mind household chores and at the same time come up with the money to pay the rent and take care of the bills. Some of them also face difficulties from irresponsible ex-partners, as revealed by Melody’s account from the yahoogroup AfAmersinglemoms or African American single moms: â€Å"It’s hard doing it by myself, but you know what the good Lord doesnt give us more than we can handle. Right now I am working independently from home in the area of entertainment, so that keeps me going. I love my kids to death, and it pisses me off that there dad only wants interaction with them when it is convenient for him. Like you alot of people are after him for money, but somehow they havent caught up with him. You know every other state takes child support seriously, the men get behind they get lock up. But here in Illinois its like they protect them and that is a bunch of crap. We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Burden specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Burden specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Burden specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I am looking to connect with other african american moms and talk about our trials and tribulations. Also to get to know one another and form possible friendships. It wouldnt hurt to get together and have a girls night ocassionally. † (http://groups. yahoo. com/group/AfAmersinglemoms/message/7) African American single mothers thus faced tremendous pressure from solely shouldering child raising responsibilities, accomplishing duties at home, solving problematic relationships, and having to juggle work at the same time, as shown by Melody’s experience. Other women, however, could be considered not to be as lucky in terms of opportunities; these women often do not have enough resources and access to send their children to school or put food on the table. Nevertheless, the strength and resilience of African American women can be surprising. In the face of such problems as dual discrimination and the multiple burdens that come with single motherhood, some of them do not feel regret over their decisions and in a way even feel justified and empowered in it: â€Å"I am the same way I dont harbor bad feelings or ill will but it just upsets me when our brothas dont take care of there responsibilities. I find it to be sad, but nevertheless I have to keep it moving and continue to be both mother and father. You are so right about Karma, what comes around goes around. Yes, there are alot of us out there struggling to do for our children on are own. † ( http://groups. yahoo. com/group/AfAmersinglemoms/message/20) Alternative Action While there is a tendency for many African American women to feel a sense of empowerment from proving to society that they are able to support their children, Davis (1998) notes that an increasing number of African American women are experiencing depression. (Davis 494) Fortunately, most of these women often receive strong social support networks from their families, especially other women, and from the African American community, which gives them a sense of connectedness and value. The growth of the internet has also given these women the chance to build virtual communities with which they can meet and interact with women whose situation and issues are in some way similar to their own. It cannot be denied, however, that something has to be done to alleviate the already difficult situation of African American single mothers—and the situation of mothers of different racial identity—since racial and gender-based inequalities often hinder them from actively participating in their own development and holistic growth. The National Organization for Women (NOW), for instance, challenges women to get involved in the commitment to â€Å"continue to fight for equal opportunities for women of color in all areas including employment, education and reproductive rights. † (http://www. now.org) In seeing the realities of African American women, I find that many of their issues resound with my own, that indeed, I am as much a victim of dual discrimination as they are. Although many of our experiences and encounters with the forms of oppression may be different due to the fact that we come from diverse cultures, our realities as women struggling to gain control over our bodies, our thoughts, and our destinies are what binds us, and I think that nobody else will work towards our freedom from racial and gender discrimination except for women themselves. Works Cited: Boyd, Julia A. In the company of my sisters. New York: Dutton, 1993. Davis, Ruth E. â€Å"Discovering Creative Essences in African American Women: The Construction of Meaning around Inner Resources. † Women’s Studies International Forum, 21, 5: 1998 Dickerson, Bette J. African American Single Mothers: Understanding Their Lives Families. Sage Publications, 1995. Reid, Lori L. â€Å"Occupational Segregation, Human Capital, and Motherhood: Black Women’s Higher Exit Rates from Full-time Employment. † Gender Society, 16: 2002. Roberts, Dorothy. â€Å"Race, Gender, and the Value of Mother’s Work. † Social Politics: 1995. https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/AfAmersinglemoms/conversations/topics/20.

Free Essays on Leadership In Hospitality Industry

LEADERSHIP IN HOSPITALITY CEO Mary Mahoney stated, â€Å"leadership is having a plan, getting a group of people to follow you down a certain path, and encouraging them along the way that will lead to successful achievement of the plan† (Greger; Peterson 2000, p.17). Determining a leader in the hotel-motel business would be difficult because of how the properties are classified. The type of service provided by the business determines the rating of the property. Motel 6 is considered a one- star because it does not offer any amenities. Quality Inn is a two-star because it only offers a continental breakfast. Courtyards by Marriott are considered three-star because it offers breakfast, lunch, a bar and laundry services. The Hilton is a four-star because it offers a restaurant, banquets, room service, and shuttle service. A five-star can offer a variety of services ranging from twenty-four hour service for restaurant, room service, personal maid or butler, spa-salon, valet parking, workout center and a business center. Banquets, concierge, dry cleaning are also offered. The Westin and Renaissance, are the only five-star hotels in Oklahoma. The success of a business depends one a focused leader with a plan, the ability to lead and knowledge of what it takes to be a leader. Accor Properties is an excellent example of leaders that are focused with a plan. They are now the third largest in the world in rooms. This company is based out of France but plans to make a definite impression on the United States market in the future. The company leaders are targeting the areas of technology and reservation in order to accomplishing their goal. Accor leader’s contributes much of their business success to diversity. Joint ventures in the casinos, food industry, voucher system, timeshares, cruise, holiday vacation packages are helping them to achieve their fu... Free Essays on Leadership In Hospitality Industry Free Essays on Leadership In Hospitality Industry LEADERSHIP IN HOSPITALITY CEO Mary Mahoney stated, â€Å"leadership is having a plan, getting a group of people to follow you down a certain path, and encouraging them along the way that will lead to successful achievement of the plan† (Greger; Peterson 2000, p.17). Determining a leader in the hotel-motel business would be difficult because of how the properties are classified. The type of service provided by the business determines the rating of the property. Motel 6 is considered a one- star because it does not offer any amenities. Quality Inn is a two-star because it only offers a continental breakfast. Courtyards by Marriott are considered three-star because it offers breakfast, lunch, a bar and laundry services. The Hilton is a four-star because it offers a restaurant, banquets, room service, and shuttle service. A five-star can offer a variety of services ranging from twenty-four hour service for restaurant, room service, personal maid or butler, spa-salon, valet parking, workout center and a business center. Banquets, concierge, dry cleaning are also offered. The Westin and Renaissance, are the only five-star hotels in Oklahoma. The success of a business depends one a focused leader with a plan, the ability to lead and knowledge of what it takes to be a leader. Accor Properties is an excellent example of leaders that are focused with a plan. They are now the third largest in the world in rooms. This company is based out of France but plans to make a definite impression on the United States market in the future. The company leaders are targeting the areas of technology and reservation in order to accomplishing their goal. Accor leader’s contributes much of their business success to diversity. Joint ventures in the casinos, food industry, voucher system, timeshares, cruise, holiday vacation packages are helping them to achieve their fu...

Political Parties and Pressure Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Political Parties and Pressure Groups - Essay Example Political Parties and Pressure Groups However, some state officials use this power to fulfill their personal interest. The destructive activities were made possible by the use beyond the power vested upon these government officials. This is the greatest problem of governing. It is apparent that the state is now operating for their own benefits and disregarding the rights of the society. A criminal activity such as corruption which is stealing the money of the society is very visible, where politicians openly ignore their responsibilities as well as their sworn statement towards the public. This practice exhibits gross parasitism, malfeasance and criminality. While these practices were done by those government officials with whom the general public has elected, it has become a question as to why those criminal offences were committed by those "supposed to be" leaders. Are there other factors that greatly influence those practices Do these practices affect democracy Do these practices have any relation to political parties and pressure groups Are political parties and pressure groups a hindrance or an aid in democracy According to Jack L. Davies (2001), political parties can be organized by anyone, can select their own membership and leadership any way they want, and can define any political positions that they want without consulting with anyone else. However, they do not represent any citizens, other than the members of the party itself. They must then present their candidates for election and political positions for approval by referenda as appropriate before their political agenda has any real relevance. Political parties are groups or organizations which aim for certain goals and have their own political ideologies and policies. They seek to attain political power in the government by electing a leader and running in the election in order for these political ideologies and policies to be implemented. Though political parties' aids in democracy by giving the general public a lot of choices of what political party will best serve the nation, political parties have also its own strengths and weaknesses. The bright side of political parties, aside from giving the general public a lot of choices, by free and open competition, is also, as stated by Kenneth Wollack, President of National Democratic Institute, (2005) in new democracies, governments, political parties and civil society are finding ways to work cooperatively to construct and consolidate their nascent democratic institutions. Political parties train political leaders and educate the general public by explaining and defending the government policies. They give the general public some points to ponder by pointing out the weaknesses of the governing party's policies and other party lists' policies at the same time promote their own course of action. These happen during the election campaigns. During election campaigns, these political parties serve as a channel for the general public and the government as well repair damage roads and do other things that the government has recently failed to do that will give benefit to the general public. Political parties have also its own disadvantages. First is, the political leaders who

The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Picture of Dorian Gray - Essay Example There are so many parallels that can be drawn between Dorian’s character and today’s generation and particularly youths. For instance, just as today’s youth are generally innocent in the initial day of their life, their innocence eventually disappears mostly under the influence of today’s ‘role models’ who ironically worship vices instead of virtues. This is perfectly in line with Dorian’s character and especially the influence of Lord Henry Wotton, who influences Dorian in entering a â€Å"life of sensual indulgence (Wilde, 1908).† In fact, the path that he takes in his life is perfectly in line with today’s youths from similar background. Hailing from a dysfunctional family, where Dorian maternal grandmother conspires to have his father murdered because of his displeasure with the marriage, Dorian like majority of today’s youths from such dysfunctional family had no inspiration in life and hence his subsequent rio tous nature in life. In fact, his story is a common feature in our ghettoes today where kids in care of their maternal parents are increasingly embracing violence and all sort of extreme vices. Put in the context of today’s life, the overall picture of Dorian life and especially that of murder in the most part, makes him a perfect example of a child growing without any emotional support not only in his generation but in any of the subsequent generations. There is no doubt that Dorian would behave exactly the way he behaved if he found himself living in the 21st century. Dorian picture represent that found in the ghettoes. The murder of Basil for instance, which can be blamed in most part on his emotional build-up can be likened to majority of today’s violence and senseless murders that are being perpetuated by youths of his age in poor neighborhood where the family institution is no longer existent. Dorian life of vices instead of virtue seems to be consistent with the desires of the youths of today, a desire that is particularly driven by the pop culture propagated by the entertainment industry. His life of extremes particularly makes the character Dorian appealing to today’s youth if today pop culture is anything to go by. This appeal is also manifested in Hollywood’s effort since the 1900s at integrating Dorian character and lessons in a good number of their films. Even the struggles that Dorian undergoes in asserting his character to his contemporaries are synonymous with today’s youth obsession with bad-boy image, a classic example being rapper Eminem, who has made a career out of bashing his mother. Another example of the elevation of Dorian character can be found in both the film and print version of the movie The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen. Today extreme obsession with sensual beauty and youthfulness, which informs the growing list of beauty products and even cosmetic surgeries, borrows a lot from the book†™s theme on the worship of beauty and youth. There is no doubt that just like Dorian’s obsession with beauty, the modern man and women will spend large amount of resources (time and money) on maintaining the perfect mirrored image of him/herself. This feeling about reality of the 21st century man and woman is consistent with Dorian’

Transformational Leader Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Transformational Leader - Case Study Example Gandhi respected the Hindu religion that he observed through out his life. His values and principles had basis on religion and the understanding of basic human rights, gained from his career in law. To Indians, Gandhi is the founding father of their nation. Gandhi lived according to his philosophy of creating harmony of thought, speech, and action (Allen, 2008). His philosophies are still worthwhile and applicable today. Mohandas was the last-born son of karamchand, from his fourth wife. Mohandas got into marriage at an early age, marrying his age mate. Theirs was an arranged marriage reflecting the Indian culture instilled in Gandhi. In his childhood, there was nothing peculiar, Gandhi lived to respect his parents and was an ordinary student in school (Jegen and Deats, 2005). In 1888, Gandhi left India for London, to further his studies. He spent three of his years studying law in London. Gandhi spent the first three months of his life trying to accustom himself to fit in the English culture but gave after he realized that he could handle a simple life better. He gave up on the English sophistication. He settled down to concentrate on his studies and obtained his degree in law. Gandhi travelled back to India after his studies to rejoin his wife and kids. Gandhi returned to India only to face disappointment because he could not get a job. Fortunately, an opportunity opened up in South Africa. He set out to South Africa, and his stay there transformed the soft-spoken Gandhi to a more assertive individual. In his first formal trip, he faced discrimination for being Indian. South Africa was under the British rule and the colonialists discriminated all other races. Gandhi chose to fight for the rights of Indians in South Africa. Therefore, he extended his stay in South Africa. The oppressing system did not allow Indians to vote and Gandhi wrote petitions concerning this issue. However, Gandhi was a man of his own kind in philosophy and he decided to fight

Pipe Surge and Water Hammer Experiment

Pipe Surge and Water Hammer Experiment The objective of the work undertaken was consisted two separate experiments, pipe surge and water hammer. These are both caused by a reduction in the flow rate within a pipe. They are two alternative dissipations of the kinetic energy of the fluid into another form of energy pressure in the case of the water hammer, and potential energy in the case of the surge shaft. The surge shaft is a device used as a way of avoiding pressure surges which accompany the water hammer effect, by allowing the fluid up a shaft near the valve, thus absorbing the pressure exerted by the fluid on the valve and the pipe. The aim of these two experiments was to compare the results with the theory derived from Newtons Second Law of Motion. Introduction Pipe Surge Water pipelines and distribution systems are subjected to surges almost daily, which over time can cause damage to equipment and the pipeline itself. Surges are caused by sudden changes in flow velocity that result from common causes such as rapid valve closure, pump starts and stops, and improper filling practices. Pipelines often see their first surge during filling when the air being expelled from a pipeline rapidly escapes through a manual vent or a throttled valve followed by the water. Being many times denser than air, water follows the air to the outlet at a high velocity, but its velocity is restricted by the outlet thereby causing a surge. It is imperative that the filling flow rate be carefully controlled and the air vented through properly sized automatic air valves. Similarly, line valves must be closed and opened slowly to prevent rapid changes in flow rate. The operation of pumps and sudden stoppage of pumps due to power failures probably have the most frequent impact o n the system and the greatest potential to cause significant surges. If the pumping system is not controlled or protected, contamination and damage to equipment and the pipeline itself can be serious. The effects of surges can be as minor as loosening of pipe joints to as severe as damage to pumps, valves, and concrete structures. Damaged pipe joints and vacuum conditions can cause contamination to the system from ground water and backflow situations. Uncontrolled surges can be catastrophic as well. Line breaks can cause flooding and line shifting can cause damage to supports and even concrete piers and vaults. Losses can be in the millions of dollars so it is essential that surges be understood and controlled with the proper equipment. Water Hammer Water hammer is the formation of pressure waves as the result of a sudden change in liquid velocity in a piping system. Water hammer usually occurs when a fluid flow start or stops quickly or is forced to make a rapid change in direction. Quick closing of valves and stoppage of pump can create water hammer. Valve closing in 1.5s or less depending upon the valve size and system conditions causes an abrupt stoppage of the slow. Since liquid is not compressible, any energy that is applied to is instantly transmitted. The pressure waves created at rapid valve closure can reach five times the systems working pressure. If not considered for, this pressure pulse will rapidly accelerate to the speed of sound in liquid, which can exceed 1200 m/s, causing burst of the pipeline and pump causing as well as fracture in the pipe fittings. For this reason, it is essential to understand under what conditions these pressure waves are produced and reduce the pressure rise as much as possible in a pipi ng system. Risk assessment In experimental work there are always some risks to everyone in the lab, hence a health and safety briefing before commencing the labs. These will aware people to the potential risks and the appropriate steps to reduce the likelihood of accidents. Therefore it is crucial to follow the advice of the staff supervising at all times and use the protection equipment provided. There are different hazard around in the lab, identifying them is important. There are people doing other experiments at the same time in the lab, make sure what the worst situation can happen with it. Therefore knowing where is the closest fire exit is important, or the short route to get out the build. Making sure there are not wire on the floor, incase people fell over it. Make sure that all the equipments going to be used are safe. Connecting the equipments correctly to prevent short circuit. Make sure that the load is not too heavy to left. When loading the equipment, be careful it might fell on to someones toe. Be aware of anything caught into the equipment When leaving the lab make sure things are placed back to the original place, and all equipments are switched off. There are ways to prevent it happen. Make sure you know the risk of the experiment. Ask others to help to set up, if not sure what the equipment does. Do not leave anything unattended. Not lift anything heavy alone or with equipments help. Wear PPE Methodology Pipe Surge The equipment is set up as shown Figure 4 1, where the head loss can be measured. The static head (hs) is recorded through the level on the surge shaft when there is no flow, this will be the datum level throughout the experiment. Then adjusting the gate valve and supply control valve, so that there is a steady of water flowing into the sump tank, where the new reading in the surge shaft is the velocity head (hv). Then the gate valve is close and wait for the oscillations to stop, once it is stopped the lever is opened to operated gate valve and the water level should drop back to the same value for the velocity head. The value of hs and hv are used to calculate the head loss due to friction which is hs hv = hf. The flow rate will be needed by closing the dump tank to find the quantity of water in the tank in 60 seconds. More reading should be taken for better accuracy. The flow rate should not be changed for the rest of the experiment. The maximum and minimum surge heights are measure by the oscillations and the time between the gate valves is quickly closed. The same procedure is repeated but the time taken between the surges passing the datum point is measured. Water Hammer: Follow the Appendix 8 -1 to set the equipment up. Where the water hammer flow control valve should be fully open and the surge shaft valve is fully closed, then the measurement of the volumetric flow rate will be taken and thus calculate the flow velocity. The volumetric flow rate can be measure using the same procedure as Pipe Surge. Then the fast acting valve is release to stop the flow of water instantaneously causing a pressure pulse to travel up and down the pipe. This is instantaneous closures which mean closure less than 2L/c, i.e. the valve is closed before a reflected wave reaches the valve again, as this will give us the same pressure rise as an instantaneous closure. These pulses are captured on the oscilloscope where we record the average amplitude, time base and the duration of the pulse. The time lags between the two pressure transducers are also recorded. For the second half of this experiment, the oscilloscope setting is changed so that the time base setting is increased to 25ms/div. Once it is set up, the same procedure will be repeated as before. The fast acting valve is release and records the average amplitude value and duration of the pulse for the traces that are on the oscilloscope. Discussion When comparing the values gained experimentally to the values predicted from the equations, tabulated in table 6 -1, it can be observed that the predicted flow rates and the period of oscillation are both quite similar with their experimental values. The reason for the slight difference in flow rates is partly due to the fact that the equation that we needed to use to find the flow rate had two unknown values in it, Q and hf. The equation that we used was: The experimental value of frictional head loss is used so that the predicted flow rate can be calculated. The experimental value of Q is used for calculating the theoretical value for frictional head loss by substituting this value in to the equation However this value would have accumulated more errors and therefore the value would be further away from the experimental value. From Figure 6 1 the time period is about 8 seconds can be observed, whereas the predicted value is 7.5705 seconds. The discrepancy between the two numbers is most likely to be as a result of human error, when timing the points of max and min surge and also when the surge crosses the datum a time factor needs to be taken into consideration for the time taken between the person saying when to stop the timer and the other person actually pressing the button. This time delay could easily explain the half second difference between the two values. When comparing the difference between the experimental and predicted values for maximum surge height, the first predicted value is hugely different to the actual value achieved. The reason for this is because the equation gives the max surge from the static head assuming that there are no losses due to friction, therefore the equation will need to be adjust to take into consideration of the effects of friction. This acts as a correction factor. The reason why it need to be use, because the initial head loss which is due to friction, this is the difference between the static head and the velocity head which is much lower than the static head therefore the initial max amplitude should be taken away. Throughout the effects of friction is important as dealing with a small bore system whereas in reality surge shafts have diameters in meters. The effects of friction can be assumed negligible, as long as the initial head at the valve is assume the same as at the reservoir. However in the flow frictional losses are relatively large, this can be seen in the fact that there is a large difference between the static head and velocity head. This is partly due to the small diameter of the pipe, as the friction occurs at the walls and if the diameter of the pipe is small then the area in which the fluid is unaffected by the friction is going to be smaller. In order to take the effects of friction in to account, the equation of the max amplitude must start from the velocity head therefore the head loss due to friction can also be taken into consideration. Water Hammer From observing Figure 5 -1 the single pressure wave, it varies slightly to the symmetrical smooth square shown as in the Fluid Mechanics Lab Manual. The pulse shown on the oscilloscope showed an unsymmetrical, rough rectangle. This irregularity of the line is as a result of not all the kinetic energy being transferred into potential energy, which is the pressure pulse, and the remaining energy being lost in the form of heat, sound and strain. The strain loss is where the compression of the water tries to expand the pipe, i.e. constant volume therefore change the cross sectional area. The reason of that assumption is the irregular graph as when deriving the equations as assumed that the kinetic energy lost is equal to the energy gained in the form of the pressure pulse, this does not take into consideration the effects of energy losses like heat noise and deformation. In another part of the experiment, the pressure transducer set up halfway along the pipe. i.e. 1.5meters away from the valve; this meant there is a time lag between the first wave and the second wave giving the opportunity to measure the speed of sound in water. Firstly the time lag need to be calculated, using 0.75 per division. In the first set up the time axis for the oscilloscope to 2.5milliseconds per division, therefore the time lag is 1.5 milliseconds. The time lag should roughly be a quarter of the time period, so it is as expected the time lag is 1.5625 milliseconds, which is very close to what experimentally gained therefore suggesting that the value has a slight error but not as significant error that the value cant be used to work out Ce. As a result the value of the time lag in the equation can be used An experimental value was given for the speed of sound in the water/pipe system which is 960m/s. This value is used to calculate the time it takes a single pressure pulse to travel a complete circuit of the pipe, in this case 6 meters, and the value is 4.523 milliseconds compared to 6.25 milliseconds from the sketch. The difference between these two values could be due to not reading the number of divisions accurately enough and also where the measure of the period from, both of which could have made the result closer to the result calculated. However the discrepancy might also be due to pulse travelling further than it is assumed. For the calculations, assumption is made that it is just travelling the length of the pipe, however the pulse might travel some distance into the header tank instead of being reflected back at the edge. This would then account for why the measured time period is longer, as it could be travelling further than the 6 meters as assumed. When looking at the table 6 -2 for the water hammer experiment, the predicted and experimental values for the speed of sound in water can be compared, peak pressure and also the duration of the first pulse. There is not much difference the experimental and predicted values of speed of sound in the water/pipe system, this indicates that the experiment went well and that the calculations and therefore the equations used are correct. However there is a significant difference between the peak pressure and also the duration of the pulse, it is quite likely that measured the duration of the pulse inaccurately as determined a rough value for how many divisions the period was, likewise with the amplitude of the pulse. Furthermore when calculating the experimental velocity of sound in water the time lag was used as the time in the equation and the time lag again was measured by reading how many divisions it took up and as a consequence was open to human error in reading it. From Figure 5 1 can be observe several reflected pressure waves. When the pulse is reflected as a low pressure wave, the pulse is going lower than the original start point. The pressure wave is actually reaching the vapour pressure of water and as a consequence the water is boiling and evaporating creating bubbles, this causes a vacuum to be created thus slowing down the pulse. The energy created from the boiling water soon dissipates and when there are not enough bubbles to slow down the pulse then a second pulse starts and the whole process repeats itself. The fact that the pulse is slowed down in the pressure trough by the vacuum and bubbles means that the pulses are not symmetrical. Studying the Figure 5 1 more closely, on the second pulse wave there is a small spike half way between the first pulse and the second pulse can be observe, this could be due to a number of reasons but the most likely is that it is the pulse that has been reflected back from the back of the Header tank. Ideally the experiment would be set up such that the header tank has a big enough change in volume and pressure compared to the pipe that it would act as a discontinuity and reflect the pulse back straight away. However in this case some of the pulse could be being reflected from the back wall of the header tank. This would also explain why there is a difference between some of our experimental and predicted results for the speed of sound in water, as we could be assuming that the distance travelled by the pulse is slightly shorter than it travelled in reality, thus having different values when calculating C. The reason why the amplitudes of the pulse wave are not symmetrical is partl y due to the vaporisation of the water and also as a consequence of friction, as the flow is slowed the frictional head loss also reduces and so the head at the valve increases to the equilibrium position of the static head, that is why the amplitudes converges towards the static equilibrium can be observe. Conclusions In conclusion, the results between theoretical and experimental were similar and close to each other. However, the slight discrepancies might due to human error, e.g. not recording the time as accurately and also the effects of friction will need to be taken in consideration. Therefore if the experiment is repeated to get better accuracy for the result can be more reliable to use. References Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Manual Level 1 and 2 notes on unsteady flow Douglas JF, Gasiorek JM and Swaffield JA, Fluid Mechanics, 4th ed, Prentice Hall, 2001. (ISBN 0582414768) Massey, B, Mechanics of Fluids, 8th ed, Taylor Francis, 2006 (ISBN 0-415-36206) http://www.valmatic.com/pdfs/SurgeControlPumpingSystems.pdf http://ksbpak.com/pdfs/waterhammer.pdf

Wood Bison :: essays research papers

The Wood Bison are the largest native land mammals in North America. The wood bison were designated as an endangered species in 1978.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wood Bison are dark brown terrestrial mammals. They feature very massive heads. They have a shaggy brown coat with long, thick, black beards. Males have short black horns, which curve inward, while females have straight horns. These bison have very large shoulders and a massive hump on their backs. Males are larger than females and measure about 3 to 4 meters long and 1.75 meters high at the shoulders. They weigh between 500 and 1000 kilograms. They are very distinctive animals, capable of running at speeds up to 35 mph.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wood bison reach their sexual maturity somewhere between the ages of one and three years old. The gestational period for these animals is about 270 to 300 days. The females usually give birth twice over a three-year period and bear only single calves, generally in the month of May. Twins are rare for the wood bison. Calves are weaned at about 7 months, but are able to graze with the herds from the time they are a week old.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wood bison spend much of their time grazing. They enjoy a diet of wild oats, rye, and wheat, lichens, horsetails and berries. They swallow their food unchewed and when they rest later in the day, they bring up this unchewed food, called cud, and chew it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main enemies of the wood bison are the wolf, coyote, and grizzly bear. Of course, their main enemy is man! This breed has also had numerous problems with disease. Anthrax was a major problem for these animals before 1978. They have also had problems with tuberculosis. Another kind of threat is from drowning. It is not uncommon for several hundred animals to drown by falling through thin ice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The wood bison was never an organism with an extremely large population. In the 1800’s, it was estimated that the population was at about 168,000 animals. They were almost hunted to extinction in the 19th century. In fact, by 1893, it was estimated that only 250 wood bison existed. By 1922, their population rebounded to about 1500 animals. It was then that Wood Buffalo National Park was established. The goal of the park was to save the wood bison from extinction and to preserve their shrinking habitat. Inbreeding and disease once again diminished the herds, but in 1957, a herd of about 200 pure wood bison was discovered in a remote corner of the park.

Comparison of the Japanese and American Cultures

Comparison of Japanese and American Culture Abstract There are some interesting issues engaging gender and cultural diversity in non-verbal communication. It begins by looking over gender variations in body language and the different uses of gestures and posture in comparing the Japanese and American cultures. Nonverbal communication is used in all social settings. Many times nonverbal communication is not seen for its real definition. In this period of internationalization the American education method is unequipped to handle successfully with the latest realism of a mutually dependent national country. American education is lagging at the end of the charts of Japans developed nation. America’s education needs to be retransformed to suit the needs of a rising nationalized financial system. Nowadays, humanitarians have inspirations of achieving the maximum level of schooling and they know it is vitally important for them to be successful. The steady declining of the American instructional method; the expectation for a victorious outlook for many appear desolate. The idea behind educational curriculums within schools must not only position onward the capability to master reading and comprehension skills, writing skills and mathematical and statistical problem solving, but also get each student ready from the primary, middle, and high school levels with skills in understanding the highly skilled requirements in the everyday working world. Comparison of Japanese and American Culture All societies differ among different cultures. Their cultures differ through customs, and education. A comparison of Japanese and American culture reveals a wide range of societal differences. Japanese culture is not always simple to comprehend, assessing it from an external point of view. The Japanese are a uniquely homogenous country. Japan has been secluded by natural features and by preference of their own, that moderately hardly any outsiders reside in Japan. A culture distinction that the Japanese discover in America is their greeting traditions. Although the greeting is one of the easiest ways for man-kind to communicate, both countries include diverse ways of addressing one another. Three differences include arrival, self-introduction, and leaving. The focal rationale for the diversity is that Americans exercise spoken gestures and the Japanese use unspoken gestures. Cultural beliefs offer implication to individual awareness of â€Å"who does what to whom wherever. † Nonetheless, the outcome of the various actions intended at oneself has been scientifically analyzed. Cross-cultural differentiations in generating a signification of self-fulfillment or self-actualization are communicated through feeling, labeling and characteristic attribution. The process of self-introduction varies between America and Japan. Americans are quick to have a discussion regarding their private matters. Americans usually converse about their relatives, spouses, or themselves. The Japanese prefer a more low key method. Japanese people are akin to chat about where they belong. For example, what school or university they attend, what there major is, or what type of club they have joined. Leaving a place or being in the American and the Japanese cultures depend on whether people are close in proximity or far away. Americans seem to say â€Å"bye† for either situation. Some Americans give a hug or a kiss when they leave one another. Unlike Americans, who immediately say â€Å"goodbye,† commonly Japanese build a trivial bow and glance back several times while waving their hand. Amongst the varied farewells, every Japanese individual who resides in America is shocked when they receive a embrace from an American, and they believe Americans are sappy. Japanese sense meaninglessness when Americans say â€Å"bye† and immediately leave. The variations in greetings are that the Americans prefer to be verbal and the Japanese prefer to be nonverbal. Americans are quick to exercise the verbal, so Americans say â€Å"Hi† or â€Å"How are you? Even people who are strangers say â€Å"How is it going? † Japanese people who arrive in America are puzzled whether they should react or be quiet. Japanese believe Americans are friendly and rejuvenating. Japanese people are likely to communicate a nonverbal language. Many Japanese just make a bow with a smile indicating respect. Usually, young people have to make a deep bow for their superiors. Not only gesture but also voice and countenance are very significant. Every American who is in Japan feels uncomfortable at first because they are not used to Japanese customs. Normally, we anticipate conversing face to face than when conversing obliquely, for example through letters. Nonverbal communication, such as one’s appearance, quality of voice, facial appearance, and body language all present additional information that enhances ones understanding. Nevertheless, when cultural diversity is engaged, this extra information can root added misunderstanding. Body languages are an essential part of greetings. Japanese usually bow as they articulate their greetings and Americans extend their arms for handshakes in the form of a greeting. Mainly Japanese who are accustomed with the global view are familiar to handshakes, but when it comes to embracing hugs and extending kisses very little Japanese identify the acts and manners implicated. Even with handshake greetings it can be uncomfortable since a lot of them are not capable of withholding bows while they extend shake hands. Bowing is an essential way of greeting and politeness for the Japanese. It allows them to acknowledge one another without invading each other's personal space; Americans do not take that into consideration when they are greeting each other. It also allows them to greet each other at a distance, whenever a verbal greeting is not practical. It foreshadows words in the vivid expressions of emotions. The Japanese feel that if they lose it, it would be like losing part of their courteousness. Making eye contact can be culture dependent. Americans might become uncomfortable when talking to their Japanese associates, who often do not control and maintain good eye contact during conservation. For example, Japanese would become angry if an American that was driving looked away from the traffic to make conversation with their passenger. Even and continuous communication is more than understanding words and etiquette. The tempo of communication seems to fluctuate amongst America and Japan. Regularly, Americans talk relentlessly. But Japanese continue gentler, pausing from time to time to evaluate the circumstances or to let the quietness speak for itself. Whenever English is the preferred language, the American's have a tendency to speak without having to pause and can simply devastate the Japanese, whose English aptitude is probably not elevated sufficiently enough to listen in and at the same time think of what to say next. Often the Japanese businessmen use an interpreter to avoid those types of situations. In contrast, Americans seem to get nervous when Japanese pause in conservation and their break in conversation seem like eternity before they continue speaking. To many Japanese, Americans seem to rely a lot on drawn out verbal dialogue where a simple chart or table is adequate. Conventionally, the Japanese rather brief verbal expressions. In fact, telling one they are skillful with words could be can be seen as a bad compliment, and referred to as being underhanded. Voice pitch plays a significant sociocultural role in the expression of emotion and politeness in conversational speech. (Yuasa 2008) The theory that the entire Japanese communal connection is modeled after the mother and child bond sets a tone for their country. The outcomes of affect and power models imply a multifaceted picture where juvenile American boys are taught to be self-sufficient, but juvenile American girls are pushed to exhibit dependence. Mothers that raise children in America try to validate their character through most favorable actions with kids who operate beyond a normal child's character produce boys that fight back and girls who are passive if they follow the Japanese rules of character development. The mother of an American child conforms her character as a mother by teaching her youngster to be independent. The mother of a Japanese child has the nurturing spirit to carry and hug their child as a way of showing their love. The Japanese model imitates the over controlling and overly understanding approach of native Japanese mothers. The Japanese mother who oversees or observes her child is given an incentive with distinctive characteristics validating reactions like hanging on to and supplying conduct from the youngster not expected for mothers and kids in the United States. Japan and the United States are eagerly focused on education. Both homelands focus on education as a shared accountability of the nation. Even though there are many comparisons, there are also differences among American and Japanese missions and visions of education, and there positions are aimed in different paths of transformation in both homelands. Schooling is also obligatory for both countries. In the United States most children begin primary education with kindergarten and depending on the district prerequisites; they complete their education in their senior year of high school. Since Americans are actively creating universal goals and targets, increasing and utilizing additional standardized tests for all scholars, and shifting in the direction of traditional based school improvement; the Japanese appear to want the reverse unassembled standardized standards, shifting away from the anxiety of nationalized examinations, and centering more attention on the creativeness and possibilities of each scholar. This is an objective that has frequently been disregarded in Japanese culture and the education reflections. Japan's education method allows teachers to inspire students learning throughout their well organized programs of study, securely joined together through all subject matters, that connects students and fabricates well-built classroom affiliations. Complete course group teaching aids Japanese schools to encourage their students by highlighting exertion over aptitude, connecting students, constructing well-built classroom associations, and uniting students under a common objective. Customary functions focused on the gender separation of hard work among a male wage earner and a female head of household have become defying in several current industrialized homelands by transforming women’s communal outlooks. A convergence of trends, including increasing female wages and employment rates, decreasing fertility and family size, rising divorce rates and numbers of female-headed households, and increasing education and participation in women’s movements, have undermined many of the incentives and requirements of a traditional family arrangement (Mason and Lu 1988). References 1. â€Å"What Japan Thinks of Us: a Nation of Crybabies? Newsweek April 2, 1990 2. Doi, T. (1996) â€Å"Foreward† Pp. Xv-xvii in D. W. Shwalb and B. J. Shwalb (editors), Japanese childrearing: Two generations of scholarship, New York: The Guilford Press. 3. Mason, Karen O. and Yu-Hsia Lu. 1988. â€Å"Attitudes Toward Women's Familial Roles: Changes in the United States, 197 7- 1985. † 4. Osgood, C. E. , W. H. May, and M. S. Miron. 1975. Cross-Cultural Universals of Affective Meaning. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 5. Yuasa, I. 2008. Culture and gender of voice pitch; a sociophonetic comparison of the Japanese and Americans, 2009. Equinox Publishing Limited; Questia. com `

The most affordable essay writing services. Check out!

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Gillian Clark And The Subject Matter Of Her Poetry Essays

Gillian Clark And The Subject Matter Of Her Poetry Essays Gillian Clark And The Subject Matter Of Her Poetry Gillian Clarke is obviously a poet of her locality - Wales, and she also writes in her poems of what it's like to be a woman. In this essay I intend to show whether or not her awareness of this affects the subject matter of her poetry. Gillian Clarke being a woman might affect the subject matter of her poetry, because in the poem: Letter from a far country, Gillian Clarke undoubtedly uses the idea of what its like to be a woman to get her point across. She says in her poem that basically women do great things but these are not always appreciated my males, because men do not see these tasks as being great. Clarke for instance obviously believes that the tasks she does at home are extremely important. I move in and of the hive all day, harvesting, ordering. Clarke obviously believes she brings order to a mess in her household, which is in her eyes a important task which is not always appreciated by men. Gillian Clarke being a woman might not affect the subject matter of her poetry because in the majority of her other poems she does not mention the theme of women. Indeed, except for Letter from a far country, and a slight theme which I feel significant in East Moors, Gillian Clarke does not mention the theme of women. So therefore one could say that Clarke being a woman does not overly affect the subject matter of her poetry. Gillian Clarke being Welsh may have a dramatic impact on the subject matter of her poetry. One example could basically be the title Miracle on St David's Day. Now I see this title as being significant because if Gillian Clarke was English she would not have written a poem entitled miracle on St David's Day. Also, Clarke's being Welsh might affect the subject matter of her poems because, in East Moors, she writes about how a steel works has shut down and how it has affected the community and how many people have lossed their jobs. For instance it is obvious that unemployment will be quite high, Clarke mentions Lethargy settles in front rooms and wives have lined up little jobs for men to do. Boredom is obviously a major problem after the community's biggest employer closed down and women have prepared tasks for the men. If Gillian Clarke was not Welsh she would not have written a poem of this nature. However one may argue that, Gillian Clarke being Welsh does not have a significance on the way she has written her poems. People could say that Gillian Clarke in fact only wrote East Moors, because it had a strong impact on her community, and if she had been say for instance a Newcastle native and a similar community tragedy had occurred she would also have written of it. Also if you think about it Gillian Clarke does not mention the fact that she is Welsh in the majority of her poems. However someone could say that although she does not use the theme of Wales in the majority of her poems she still uses some Welsh Language in them. For instance in Last Rites, where she writes of a young man being killed in a road accident, even though she does not say she is Welsh in the poem, she uses the word cariad, which shows that she being Welsh has a significance on her poetry. On conclusion, I would have to say that Gillian Clarke being Welsh and being a woman does have an affect on the subject matter of her poetry because in her most significant poems she uses the fact that she is a woman and that she is Welsh. If Gillian Clarke did not emphasise the fact that she is a woman then she would not have been able to write Letter from a far country, and if she was not emphasising the fact that she was Welsh she would not have written East Moors, or Miracle on St David's Day, which uses imagery of daffodils (the Welsh emblem) to the same affect.

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment Two Essay

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment Two - Essay Example The argument that social benefits would result from unrestrained enterprise sounds very sincere when one reads Hoover’s writing. He actually adopts a moderate position at some points, recognizing that abuses of power do occur in the business world. He acknowledges that exploitation is possible; therefore he renounces a laissez faire attitude towards the regulation of business (Hawley, 218). The problem arises, says Hoover, when government exerts too much control over business. That is when abuses occur, only this time it is the government in the role of abuser. Finding the balance seems to be his message, but he undeniably states that the vast majority of business should be unregulated or else individual freedom would be lost. These documents reveal that Hoover really views business as a noble benefactor to all who participate. He seems to assume that businesses will pay a fair wage because it is the right thing to do. He also seems to assume that discrimination of any type do es not exist. Discrimination of sex, religion or ethnicity really hinders the freedom of some groups in America. He ignores the fact that business does nothing to address discrimination and the resulting loss of freedom for the individuals affected. Work Cited Hawley, Ellis W. Herbert Hoover as Secretary of Commerce: Studies in New Era Thought and Practice. Des Moines: University of Iowa, 1981. Print. Americans responded positively to the new business spokesmen because their priorities had shifted and they were looking for a new way to address the ills of society. Americans have always felt that their nation was unique among other nations. Some have expressed the idea that America was a sort of Promised Land because of the ideals that are expressed in the Constitution. Others point the freedoms in the Bill of Rights while some point to the abundant natural resources of America as evidence for the nation’s success. That said, most Americans recognize that there are still abidi ng difficulties in our society. Discrimination, poverty and homelessness are problems that were present in the 1920’s, and they still exist today. Americans were so receptive to the idea that business could solve all of societies ills because they recognized some in America were treated unfairly and that there was inequality. Business was so attractive partly because many of the other social institutions had failed to remedy the problem. It is apparent that the writing of the pro-business supporters exposes some assumptions Americans make about their society based on past experiences. Specifically, it shows that Americans have long looked to religion and education to help cure some of the ills in society. Edward Purington was such a supporter of business that he said there was more Christianity in a square inch of the office equipment of leading industrialists that there was in an entire Sunday congregation (Lorence, 188). For Americans to buy into this sort of rhetoric, they must have had bad prior experiences with religion and education. Work Cited Lorence, James. Enduring Voices: From 1865. Washington D.C.: Heath, 1993. Print. The 1920’s were a time of great social change. Many different groups were trying to advocate for their place in society. Division along ethnic lines was especially fierce during this decade. Mexican and Japanese immigrants were routinely denied citizenship and discriminated against in the courts. The rise of the KKK happened during this decade as well

Edward Muybridge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Edward Muybridge - Essay Example Muybridge through a series of photographs featuring a galloping horse supported Stanford’s assertion of how during a full gallop, the horse’s front and the hind legs extended maximally, thereby making it off the ground. Muybridge further supported this assertion of â€Å"unsupported transit† through the use of more technical equipments, like zoopraxiscope. It is â€Å"a lantern he developed that projected images in rapid succession onto a screen from photographs printed on a rotating glass disc, producing the illusion of moving pictures.† (â€Å"Eadweard Muybridge†). When he showed the horses’ gallop in a fast moving manner through zoopraxiscope, he was able to convince many regarding the unsupported transit theory. Thus, Muybridge photographic study on animal locomotion is a path breaking one, not attempted by other photographs and it led to the formation of various give scientific theories regarding animal locomotion. In addition, it also h ad cultural impacts in the way horses were looked and trained. Muybridge’s development of Zoopraxiscope and the resultant running images acted as the inspiration for the development of movie cameras and thereby development of cinemas. â€Å"Zoopraxiscope is an important predecessor of the modern cinema† (â€Å"Eadweard Muybridge†). Although we know Lumiere Brothers has the developers of the first cinema, the role of Muybridge in that evolution cannot be overlooked. George Melies – early film Georges Melies was a French magician and filmmaker, who is known for his innovative technical tricks in filmmaking, and other narrative developments during the initial stages of filmmaking. He started his foray into the entertainment business by purchasing Theatre Robert Houdin. There he conducted performances which revolved around magic tricks as well as illusionist techniques, thereby bringing out an interesting aspect of French Culture. When the Lumiere brothers sh owcased their first moving picture and the camera, which captured those pictures, Melies wanted to buy that camera. As there was no favorable response from the Lumiere brothers, Melies purchased another motion picture camera from UK, and started making his own films. â€Å"Melies' first films were straightforward cityscapes and event films, but soon he was using the camera to document magic acts and gags from the stage of the Theatre Robert-Houdin† (Larson). Even while making those sorts of films, purely by accident Melies discovered how the camera can be manipulated to create special efforts. He expanded those initial tricks to come up with complex special effects. It was widely regarded that he only pioneered the first double exposure shots, the first split screen with actors acting opposite of themselves, and also the first dissolve through double or multiple exposure shots, â€Å"he was able to create an illusion of people and objects appearing and disappearing at will, or changing from one form to another.† (Larson). In addition, Melies was one of the key pioneers who by editing or stringing a series of independently shot scenes, made it into sizably long short films. Although, Mielies was not able to continuously achieve success in the cinema field, his is still regarded as one of the pioneers of the camera based special effects. . Shepard Fairey –